ア゙/ア゚ = a イ゙/イ゚ = i ヴ = v(u) エ゙/エ゚ = e オ゙/オ゚ = o
ラ゚ = la リ゚ = li ル゚ = lu レ゚ = le ロ゚ = lo
Punctuations
・ = space = = hyphen
Forms of ア
アー ≈ retroflex vowel
アァ = a longer ア that trails off; for instance, the small katakana always extends the preceeding large katakana's vowel, rendering it a more accurate long central vowel sound than its homophone used in governmental documents
Others
ンー = a longer ン
ン゙/ン゚ = n
アァ = extended katakana form of アー. It is used to separate the long central vowel from the retroflex vowel.
ー: Usually extends the vowel. All ウ-form katakana other than ウ or ヌ have to precede this special bar to have their vowel pronounced. If it succeeds an ア-form katakana, it may transform into a retroflex vowel. Names like Elgala (Japanese: エルガ(ー)ラ Eruga/āra) may be exceptions.
Forms of ア
アー ≈ retroflex vowel
アァ = a longer ア that trails off; for instance, the small katakana always extends the preceeding large katakana's vowel, rendering it a more accurate long central vowel sound than its homophone used in governmental documents
Others
ンー = a longer ン
ン゙/ン゚ = n
アァ = extended katakana form of アー. It is used to separate the long central vowel from the retroflex vowel.
ー: Usually extends the vowel. All ウ-form katakana other than ウ or ヌ have to precede this special bar to have their vowel pronounced. If it succeeds an ア-form katakana, it may transform into a retroflex vowel. Names like Elgala (Japanese: エルガ(ー)ラ Eruga/āra) may be exceptions.